阴囊潮湿什么原因| 低压偏高是什么原因| 脂溢性皮炎是什么症状| 雾霾蓝配什么颜色好看| 两小儿辩日告诉我们什么道理| 低钾会有什么症状| 88是什么意思| 飞蚊症用什么滴眼液| 区委书记是什么级别| 黄瓜不能和什么一起吃| 荷尔蒙是什么东西起什么作用| 斯密达什么意思| 什么是人工智能| 身陷囹圄是什么意思| 羊入虎口是什么生肖| 女人一般什么时候绝经| 皮角是什么病| 吊儿郎当是什么意思| 七月十六号是什么星座| 壶嘴为什么不能对着人| 总出虚汗是什么原因| 儿童补钙吃什么| 今天适合穿什么衣服| 下身瘙痒什么原因| 鼻子发酸是什么原因| 9月9号什么星座| 一年半载是什么意思| 血液肿瘤是什么病| 刮宫后需要注意什么| 银灰色五行属什么| 容易静电的人说明什么| 人工流产和无痛人流有什么区别| 米线里的麻油是什么油| 火龙果是什么颜色| 玫瑰花有什么作用| 放生乌龟有什么寓意| 鲱鱼在中国叫什么鱼| 今天什么生肖冲什么生肖| 毒瘾为什么那么难戒| 手足口病有什么症状| 荆州是现在的什么地方| 周二右眼皮跳是什么预兆| 合肥有什么玩的| 糖尿病早期什么症状| mo是什么意思| 身体缺钾有什么症状| 什么什么致志| 检查乙肝五项挂什么科| seeyou是什么意思| 助力车是什么车| 血小板偏高是什么意思| 今年的属相是什么生肖| 什么样的山| 南字五行属什么| 戊土是什么意思| crc是什么职业| 草莓的花是什么颜色| 前列腺增生有什么症状| 吃什么能去湿气| 护士一般什么学历| 乌龟死了有什么预兆| 麻辣拌里面都有什么菜| 贵人多忘事是什么意思| 晚上11点到12点是什么时辰| 月经后一周又出血是什么原因| 质变是什么意思| 日本为什么侵华| 菜心是什么菜| 11月29号什么星座| 欲钱知吃月饼是什么生肖| 腰胀是什么原因引起的| 12月13日是什么日子| 低gi是什么意思| 叻叻猪是什么意思| 1ph是什么意思| 唐山大地震是什么时候| via什么意思| 疮疖是什么意思| 丹参是什么样子| 干咳无痰是什么原因引起的| 蛇胆疮是什么引起的| 银梳子梳头有什么好处和坏处| 什么是菱形| 眼珠子疼是什么原因| 月德是什么意思| 脑膜炎是什么| 吃什么去除体内湿热| 淋巴细胞偏高是什么意思| 陈皮泡水喝有什么功效| 为什么会阳痿| 什么东西越剪越大| 女性备孕吃什么养卵泡| 小孩拉肚子应该吃什么食物好| 过敏性鼻炎吃什么水果好| 为什么眉毛越来越少| 过敏性鼻炎吃什么中药| 甜胚子是什么做的| 相见不如怀念是什么意思| 眼睛干涩用什么药| 小腿肿胀是什么原因引起的| 脚气用什么药膏最好| 女人为什么不会怀孕| usr是什么意思| 双眸是什么意思| 怀孕了什么时候做检查| carrots是什么意思| 抓龙筋什么意思| playboy是什么牌子| 十二生肖代表什么花| 梦见吃杨梅是什么意思| 衣原体是什么| 吃什么减肥最好最快| 实至名归是什么意思| 鹞是什么意思| 经常流鼻血是什么情况| 什么是牙线| 三顾茅庐的顾是什么意思| 激素六项挂什么科| 哪吒长什么样子| 杂菌阳性是什么意思| 什么水果养胃| 肛门指检能查出什么| 摄人心魄是什么意思| 眼屎多用什么眼药水好| 高烧不退是什么病毒| 梦遗是什么| 336是什么意思| 火棉胶婴儿是什么意思| 干燥综合症挂什么科| 氨基酸什么牌子好| 口腔溃疡什么样| 什么不什么声| 脑彩超能检查出什么| 动脉瘤是什么| 瘦肉是什么肉| 天伦之乐是什么意思啊| 暂住证办理需要什么材料| 梅花是什么颜色| 做梦大便是什么意思| 长歌怀采薇是什么意思| 紫皮大蒜和白皮大蒜有什么区别| 光明磊落是什么生肖| 咳嗽去医院挂什么科| fc是什么| 左下腹有什么器官| 补气固表什么意思| 口气重是什么原因| 肝痛在什么位置| 男性左下腹疼痛是什么原因| 阑尾粪石是什么意思| 什么人不能喝石斛| 党内警告处分有什么影响| 莲子和什么搭配最好| 脸红是什么原因引起的| 烫伤抹什么管用| 昆明有什么特产| 一月是什么月| 什么是绝对值| 不齿是什么意思| 更年期挂什么科| 杨树林是什么品牌| 雷诺综合征是什么病| 纳氏囊肿是什么意思| 马牙是什么原因引起的| 黄花菜长什么样子| 甲钴胺治疗什么病| 紫荆花什么时候开| 死缓什么意思| 属鸡的守护神是什么菩萨| 悠悠岁月什么意思| 老年人嘴唇发紫是什么原因| 咳嗽背部疼是什么原因| 乳糖醇是什么| 舌头有齿痕是什么原因| 高血压能吃什么水果| 耳廓上长痣代表什么| 啪啪是什么意思| 吃什么对头发有好处| 痔疮吃什么药| 暴露是什么意思| 羊内腰和外腰分别是什么| 牙龈肿痛吃什么药效果好| 右小腿抽筋是什么原因| 月经结束一周后又出血是什么原因| 展开的近义词是什么| 2.1是什么星座| 猫翘尾巴是什么意思| 808什么意思| 什么原因导致脑出血| value是什么意思| 心动过速吃什么药最好| 咽喉炎 吃什么| 七月初七是什么生肖| 乳腺癌三期是什么意思| 录取通知书是什么生肖| 三个毛念什么字| 部分导联st段改变是什么意思| lpp什么意思| 九月初八是什么星座| 猪鞭是什么| 小的五行属什么| 达人是什么意思| 唯女子与小人难养也什么意思| 公蚊子吃什么| 黄色搭配什么颜色| 胃疼为什么后背也疼| 大姨妈不能吃什么| 娃娃鱼属于什么类动物| 猫能吃什么水果| 生理期是什么意思| 早上吃什么最有营养| 2.3是什么星座| cc是什么意思| 好吧是什么意思| 下肢静脉曲张是什么原因引起的| 国家能源局是什么级别| 降钙素原高是什么原因| 六盘水为什么叫凉都| 从来就没有什么救世主| 什么人容易得焦虑症| primark是什么牌子| 苍蝇最怕什么| 日本艺伎是干什么的| 女人性高潮是什么感觉| 2003属什么生肖| 胎盘能治什么病| 三七粉主要治疗什么病| 怀孕了有什么征兆| 神仙是什么意思| 空调开除湿有什么作用| 女为悦己者容是什么意思| 中央委员是什么级别| 张嘴睡觉是什么原因| 猪润是什么| Q什么意思| 话梅泡水喝有什么好处和坏处| 小腹疼痛是什么原因| 湿气严重吃什么药好得快| 咯痰是什么意思| 对联又称什么| 酵母菌是什么| 医院可以点痣吗挂什么科| 好吃懒做的动物是什么生肖| 晶体是什么| 殿后和垫后有什么区别| 脸为什么容易红| 孕妇吃什么好对胎儿好三个月前期| 沸去掉三点水念什么| darling什么意思| 胆固醇低是什么原因| 肾是干什么用的| 火麻是什么植物| 靖国神社是什么地方| 脾胃气滞吃什么中成药| 嗓子疼吃什么| 平均血小板体积偏高是什么原因| 痔疮吃什么水果好得快| 罗纹布是什么面料| 冬至为什么吃水饺| 活泼开朗是什么意思| 经期同房会有什么后果| 肾小球滤过率偏高说明什么| 罗汉果泡水喝有什么作用| 肾精是什么| 百度

西五龙口村:家门口免费学习缝纫 得增收致富本领

百度 也让观看比赛的球迷们,感到了深深的无奈感,甚至在球队接连丢掉6粒球之后,镜头给到了坐在主教练席上的国家队现任主教练里皮,此时的里皮以手托腮,愁眉不展。

???????? ?????? ???????? (Jerusalem) ?????? ??? ????????? ???????, ?????, ??????????, ??????? ???? ?????????????, ?????????, ???????????? ????????????? ??? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????, ????????? ????????? ????????????.

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???????????
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???????? (????????)
???? ??????????: ?????? ?-????, ???????, ???? ????, ?????? ?????????, ????, ??????????, ???????? ?????, ???????? ???????, ???? ???? ????????
???? ??????????: ?????? ?-????, ???????, ???? ????, ?????? ?????????, ????, ??????????, ???????? ?????, ???????? ???????, ???? ???? ????????
????????????? ??????????? ?????? ???-?????? ???????? (????????)-??? ????
????
?????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????? ???-?????? ???????? (????????)
???????
????????(???): Ir ha-Kodesh (????? ????), Bayt al-Maqdis (???????? ????)
???????????
???????????????? ????????
????
 ? ??????? ?????????? ???????
????????
 ? ?????125.2 km2 (48.3 sq mi)
 ? ???????
652 km2 (252 sq mi)
??????
754 m (2,474 ft)
??????????
 (2012)
 ? ?????8,01,000
 ? ????????6,400/km2 (17,000/sq mi)
 ? ????????
10,29,300
????Jerusalemite
??? ?????????+2 (IST)
 ? ???? (?????)????+3 (IDT)
???? ????????(???)????????: +972-2; ???????: 02?????????? ????????
????????www.jerusalem.muni.il

???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? (???????????) ???????, ???????? ???-?????? (??????) ??????? ????????????????. ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ???????, ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????[1].

??????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????, ??????????? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????. ????????? 801,000 ?????? ???????????????. ???? ???????? 125 ???? ??.?? (48.3 ???? ????) ?????. ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????????????, ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????????.[2][3] ????????? ???????? ????? ???????????????? ??? ?????, ???????? ?????, ??????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????.

?????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????, ???????? ??????? ????????? ????????????????????; 23 ???? ???????????????????; 52 ???? ????????????? ????????; 44 ???? ????????????????.[4] ????????? ???? ????????? ??.??. 4??? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????????.[5] ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????. ??????????????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????? (World Heritage) ????? ???????????????????????.[6] ??? ?????? ??????????????? ????????????. ???: ?????????? ????????????, ?????????? ????????????, ????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????.[7]

???? ??????

????

??????? ????????? (Ru?alimum/Uru?alimum) (??????? ??????????)[8] ?? ????????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??.??. 19??, 18?? ?????????? ????????????? ????? ?????????????????[9][10]

??????

????

???????? 5000 ???? ?????????? ???????.[11][12] ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????????? ????????????. ?????????????: ???????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????????????????.[13][14] ???????, ?????????? ??????? ??????????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????????. ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????.[15][16]

?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????

????
???????? ????? ??????
?????????
???????? - ?????? (???????? ?????)
???? ????????
???? ???????????
?????????????
?????? ??????
??????? ??????
??????? ????????
??????? ??????? ????????
??.??. 2000
??.??. 1500
??.??. 1000
??.??. 500
??.??. 0
??.??. 500
??.??. 1000
??.??. 1500
??.??. 2000
??.??. 2500

     ?????      ??????????      ??????????      ???????? ????????????      ?????


?????????? ????? ?????

????
 
????????: ??????? ????? (???????? ?????) ??????????; ??????????? ?????? ??????????? (?????????), ???-????? ????????? (?????????).

???? ??????????????, ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ??.??. 1000 ????????? ??????????. ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????????????. ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????.[17]

 
???????? - ?????? ????? ???????: ????????????? ???????? ?????, ??????????? ?????? ?????????.

??????????????? ????? ?????

????

????? ??????????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ??.??. 30??? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????. ???? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??.??. 300 ?????? ?????????? ?????????????. ??????? ????????????????? ???????? ????? ???????????.

???????????? ????? ?????

????
 
????????: ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????.

??????, ????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????????. ??.??. 610??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????????????. 620??? ???????? ??? ???????????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????.

????????, ?????????? ???? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????? ????? ????????????. ???????????? ???????? 0.9 ???? ??.?? (0.35 ???? ????) ??????? ?????. ????? ????? ???????? ????????: ?????? ???, "??????? ?????" ????? ???????????????? ???????? ?????, ?????????????? ????????, ?????? ?????????, ???-????? ?????.

???????? ?????? ?????????????

????

???????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????????.[5][18] ???????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????? 1949??? ???????? ???????????????? ????????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????????? ??????????. ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? (Palestinian Authority) ????????????.[19] ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????????????????. ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????, ???? ???????????, ???????????? ?????? ????? ???????????. ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????????????. ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ???????-???????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ??????????. ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????.[20]

????????-???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????

????
 
?.??. 1947??? ???????????? ????????-???????? ???????????.

??????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????????. ??????????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????????????????. 1917????????? 1948 ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ????-???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????.

1948??? ???????? ????-?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????????, ?????????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ??????. ?????, 1967??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????????????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????????.

??????? ???????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??????. ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ?????, ???????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????????????, 1980??? "?????????????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????" ??????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????.

???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????, ???? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????. 1967??? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????????????? ????? ?????????????????.

???????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????. ?????????? ????? ????????????? ???????? ????????????, ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? "????? ?????????" ???????????.

2000 ????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????, ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????????? ??? ???????? ???????, ?????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ???????, ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????????????????. ???????????? ???????????? ????????????, ????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????. ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????????? ?????? ???????? ????????????. ????????, ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????????.

?????????????? ?????????????????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???????????? ????????????. ?????? ????????????, ?????, ?????? ???? ??????? ????-???????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????????????.[21]

?????????

????

???????

????
????????? ?????? ?????, Jerusalem (1881–2007)
????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????
?????????? ??????? °C (°F) 23.4
(74.1)
25.3
(77.5)
27.6
(81.7)
35.3
(95.5)
37.2
(99)
36.8
(98.2)
40.6
(105.1)
44.4
(111.9)
37.8
(100)
33.8
(92.8)
29.4
(84.9)
26.0
(78.8)
44.4
(111.9)
???? ?????? °C (°F) 11.8
(53.2)
12.6
(54.7)
15.4
(59.7)
21.5
(70.7)
25.3
(77.5)
27.6
(81.7)
29.0
(84.2)
29.4
(84.9)
28.2
(82.8)
24.7
(76.5)
18.8
(65.8)
14.0
(57.2)
21.5
(70.7)
?????? ?????? °C (°F) 9.1
(48.4)
9.5
(49.1)
11.9
(53.4)
17.1
(62.8)
20.5
(68.9)
22.7
(72.9)
24.2
(75.6)
24.5
(76.1)
23.4
(74.1)
20.7
(69.3)
15.6
(60.1)
11.2
(52.2)
17.53
(63.56)
???? ?????? °C (°F) 6.4
(43.5)
6.4
(43.5)
8.4
(47.1)
12.6
(54.7)
15.7
(60.3)
17.8
(64)
19.4
(66.9)
19.5
(67.1)
18.6
(65.5)
16.6
(61.9)
12.3
(54.1)
8.4
(47.1)
13.5
(56.3)
?????????? ???? °C (°F) -6.7
(19.9)
-2.4
(27.7)
-0.3
(31.5)
0.8
(33.4)
7.6
(45.7)
11.0
(51.8)
14.6
(58.3)
15.5
(59.9)
13.2
(55.8)
9.8
(49.6)
1.8
(35.2)
0.2
(32.4)
?6.7
(19.9)
???????????mm (inches) 133.2
(5.244)
118.3
(4.657)
92.7
(3.65)
24.5
(0.965)
3.2
(0.126)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0.3
(0.012)
15.4
(0.606)
60.8
(2.394)
105.7
(4.161)
554.1
(21.815)
???????? 72 69 63 58 41 44 52 57 58 56 61 69 58.3
?????? ??? ??????? 12.9 11.7 9.6 4.4 1.3 0 0 0 0.3 3.6 7.3 10.9 62.0
???????? ????? 192.2 226.3 243.6 267.0 331.7 381.0 384.4 365.8 309.0 275.9 228.0 192.2 3,397.1
Source #1: Israel Meteorological Service[22][23]
Source #2: Hong Kong Observatory for data of sunshine hours[24]

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  1. ????????
  2. Largest city:
  3. "Press Release: Jerusalem Day" (PDF). Central Bureau of Statistics. 24 May 2006. Retrieved 10 March 2007.
  4. "Do We Divide the Holiest Holy City?". Moment Magazine. Archived from the original on 3 ???? 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archivedate= (help). According to Eric H. Cline’s tally in Jerusalem Besieged.
  5. 5.0 5.1 "Timeline for the History of Jerusalem". Jewish Virtual Library. American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. Retrieved 16 April 2007.
  6. "Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls". Whc.unesco.org. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
  7. Ben-Arieh, Yehoshua (1984). Jerusalem in the 19th Century, The Old City. Yad Izhak Ben Zvi & St. Martin's Press. p. 14. ISBN 0-312-44187-8.
  8. Binz, Stephen J. (2005). Jerusalem, the Holy City. Connecticut, USA.: Twenty-Third Publications. p. 2. ISBN 978-1-58595-365-3. Retrieved 17 December 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  9. G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren (eds.) Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, (tr. David E. Green) William B. Eerdmann, Grand Rapids Michigan, Cambridge, UK 1990, Vol. VI, p. 348
  10. "''The El Amarna Letters from Canaan''". Tau.ac.il. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
  11. Azmi Bishara. "A brief note on Jerusalem". Archived from the original on 5 ???????? 2010. Retrieved 22 September 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
  12. Daniel Pipes. "Constructing a Counterfeit History of Jerusalem". Retrieved 22 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  13. “No city in the world, not even Athens or Rome, ever played as great a role in the life of a nation for so long a time, as Jerusalem has done in the life of the Jewish people.” ?????? ????-???????, 1947
  14. “For three thousand years, Jerusalem has been the center of Jewish hope and longing. No other city has played such a dominant role in the history, culture, religion and consciousness of a people as has Jerusalem in the life of Jewry and Judaism. Throughout centuries of exile, Jerusalem remained alive in the hearts of Jews everywhere as the focal point of Jewish history, the symbol of ancient glory, spiritual fulfillment and modern renewal. This heart and soul of the Jewish people engenders the thought that if you want one simple word to symbolize all of Jewish history, that word would be ‘Jerusalem.’” Teddy Kollek (DC: Washington Institute For Near East Policy, 1990), pp. 19–20.
  15. "Throughout history a great diversity of peoples has moved into the region and made Palestine their homeland: Canaanites, Jebusites, Philistines from ??????, Anatolian and Lydian Greeks, Hebrews, ????????? ??????, Edomites, Nabateans, ??????????, Romans, Arabs, and European crusaders, to name a few. Each of them appropriated different regions that overlapped in time and competed for sovereignty and land. Others, such as Ancient Egyptians, ????????? ??????, Persians, ?????????, and Mongols, were historical 'events' whose successive occupations were as ravaging as the effects of major earthquakes ... Like shooting stars, the various cultures shine for a brief moment before they fade out of official historical and cultural records of Palestine. The people, however, survive. In their customs and manners, fossils of these ancient civilizations survived until modernity—albeit modernity camouflaged under the veneer of Islam and Arabic culture." Ali Qleibo, Palestinian anthropologist
  16. "(With reference to Palestinians in Ottoman times) Although proud of their ???????? heritage and ancestry, the Palestinians considered themselves to be descended not only from Arab conquerors of the seventh century but also from indigenous peoples who had lived in the country since time immemorial, including the ancient Hebrews and the Canaanites before them. Acutely aware of the distinctiveness of Palestinian history, the Palestinians saw themselves as the heirs of its rich associations." Walid Khalidi, 1984, Before Their Diaspora: A Photographic History of the Palestinians, 1876–1948. Institute for Palestine Studies
  17. ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? – "Jerusalem has been the holiest city in Jewish tradition since, according to the Hebrew Bible, King David of Israel first established it as the capital of the united Kingdom of Israel in c. 1000 BCE, and his son, King Solomon, commissioned the building of the First Temple in the city."
  18. Jerusalem is the official capital, and the location of the presidential residence, government offices and the ????????, Israel's Parliament. In 1980, the Knesset asserted Jerusalem's status as the nation's "eternal and indivisible capital", by passing the Basic Law: Jerusalem — Capital of Israel. However, the ?????? ??????? ??? does not recognize this designation. The bulk international community argues that the city is still legally an international Corpus separatum and the final issue of the status of Jerusalem will be determined in future Israeli-Palestinian negotiations. Most countries maintain their embassies in ???? ????? (CIA Factbook ????????????? 2025-08-07 at the ??????? ?????????). See the article on ???????? for more information.
  19. "???????? ??????? ?????? ???????". Archived from the original on 2025-08-07. Retrieved 2025-08-07.
  20. CIA Factbook ????????????? 2025-08-07 at the ??????? ????????? and Map of IsraelPDF (319 KB))
  21. ????-???????? ?????????.
  22. "Long Term Climate Information for Israel". June 2011.
  23. "Record Data in Israel".
  24. "Climatological Information for Jerusalem, Israel". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 2025-08-07. Retrieved 2025-08-07.

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